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Walther von Reichenau
Walter Karl Ernst August von Reichenau (8 October 1884 – 17 January 1942) was a German officer and ''Generalfeldmarschall'' during World War II. He issued the notorious Severity Order concerning fighting on the eastern front, which made him a war criminal. He was in charge of forces which helped to commit the massacre of Jews at Babi Yar.
==Early life==
Reichenau was born in Karlsruhe, in the Grand Duchy of Baden, into an aristocratic Prussian family, the son of Ernst August von Reichenau (1841–1919), who later became a Lieutenant General. Throughout the 19th and early 20th centuries the Reichenau family owned and operated one of the largest furniture factories in Germany. Having passed the ''Abitur'' examination, Reichenau joined the Prussian Army in 1903.
During the First World War, Reichenau served on the Western Front as adjutant in the 1st Guards Field Artillery Regiment (1st Guards Infantry Division). He was awarded the Iron Cross Second and First Class and already by 1914 had been promoted to the rank of captain. From 1915 he served as Second General Staff officer (''Ib'') of the 47th Reserve Division and then as First General Staff officer (''Ia'') of the 7th Cavalry Division. After the Armistice of 11 November 1918, he joined the ''Grenzschutz Ost'' Freikorps units in Upper Silesia and Pomerania.
In 1919 Reichenau was selected to remain in the newly established ''Reichswehr'', the army of 96,000 men that Germany was allowed to maintain under the terms of the Treaty of Versailles. The officer corps of the new ''Reichswehr'' was limited to 4,000, and there was to be no German General Staff. Reichenau took a post in the ''Truppenamt'', which was the "underground" equivalent of the General Staff formed by Hans von Seeckt. From 1931 Reichenau was Chief of Staff to the Inspector of Signals at the ''Reichswehr'' Ministry, and later served with General Werner von Blomberg in East Prussia. Here he supported Blomberg in the development of new tactics to put into practice the concept of mobile warfare that had shown promise at the end of the First World War. Reichenau had much of the written work of British tank proponents, including B. H. Liddell Hart and J. F. C. Fuller, translated into German.〔Liddell Hart p. 23〕
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